Slitherine

A region in unrest has an icon that shows the loyalty penalties which make no sense to me. For example, it gives -35% for food and yet there is surplus food in that region as well as in that province. Why the penalty?

I suspect what you're looking at is the impact of the Revolt, not the reason for it.

In other words, what I think you're seeing is that the region is now suffering a 35% reduction in its Food output because it is in Revolt.